Add An Image In Text Using Photoshop

1. Let's start. First open your Adobe Photoshop and create a new file with name "Untitled 1"
    and then create a text "photography"
 

2. After that open a new picture and drag to "Untitled 1" file and rename it to "picture"

    make sure layer "picture" is at the top.

3. Then "right click" layer "picture" and choose "create clipping mask"

4. Now it become, like this

5. Finally click at the "text" and click "fx" then choose "Stroke" 

6. Layer style window appear. At the "size" you set "2px"  and clik "OK"

7. Finally it become like this

8. ok DONE with a basic and simple step

Smartphone Buying Guide 2014

You should be picky when it comes to buying a smartphone. After all, you two are going to be doing everything together, from capturing hundreds of photos and playing games to social networking, texting and email. Oh yeah, you’ll be making phone calls, too. But with multiple operating systems, screen sizes and carriers all screaming for your attention, picking the right device can feel like an endless maze. But it doesn’t have to. Use these seven tips to make the right call on your next smartphone.

1. Choose the Right OS

And then there were three. With BlackBerry struggling, most consumers are now deciding among Android, iOS (iPhone) and Windows Phone. Here’s a quick breakdown of the platforms’ strengths and weaknesses.

Android

Google’s OS isn’t the most popular smartphone platform for no reason. Compared to iOS and Windows Phone, there’s a much wider array of hardware options from several manufacturers (Samsung, HTC, LG, Motorola, ZTE, etc.) in multiple sizes. Android is also much more open than iOS, which means smartphone makers can more easily innovate on top of Google’s software. That’s why a Samsung Galaxy S4 or Note 3, for example, can run two apps on the screen at once, and a Moto X can respond to your voice without you having to touch the phone.

With more than 1 million apps, the Google Play store has pretty much everything you need, but Apple’s App Store tends to get some hot apps and games first. And while we like that Android is so flexible and customizable, some interfaces can be cluttered and/or difficult to navigate.

iOS/iPhone

iOS 7 represents a fairly major overhaul for Apple, with a cleaner look, improved multitasking and a new Control Center for quickly changing settings. Some aspects of the update are confusing, such as the Notification Center with three separate tabs, but overall, iOS remains the most intuitive smartphone platform. Apple also benefits from having the best selection of high-quality apps and games (though Android is narrowing the gap). Siri has improved, and the new iTunes Radio is definitely a plus.

Windows Phone

Thanks, in large part, to Nokia’s well-received Lumia phones, more people are paying attention to Microsoft’s OS. The platform boasts a dynamic interface with Live Tiles that display updates, and it’s easy to resize and rearrange these tiles to customize the experience. Other benefits include Xbox games, video and music, as well as Office and Outlook integration. The Windows Phone Store recently surpassed 200,000 apps, and the collection now includes Instagram, but Microsoft’s platform still has about one-fifth of the apps available for Android and iOS.

2. Get the Right Size: Phablet or No Phablet?

Big-screen phones are growing on shoppers. In fact, phablets (phones with displays 5 inches or larger) now account for about a quarter of all smartphones sold. Nevertheless, the iPhone 5s, which sports a 4-inch screen, is the best-selling smartphone in the U.S. A smaller display allows for a more compact design. But if you want something bigger, you’ll want to opt for an Android or Windows Phone handset.

The 5.7-inch Samsung Galaxy Note 3 gives you a lot more real estate for watching movies, playing games and enjoying photos. The trade-off is that the phone isn’t easy to operate with one hand. Phones with displays even larger than this, such as the HTC One Max (5.9 inches) and Nokia Lumia 1520 (6 inches) tend to be heavier and can be a tight fit for front pockets. But some are willing to live with the larger size, especially those who don’t want to carry a separate tablet.

3. Pay Attention to These Specs

Processor

A phone’s processor is the brain of the device, and a fast one will enable you to open apps quickly, play games smoothly and even edit video. Today’s state-of-the-art chip for Android and Windows Phones is Qualcomm’s Snapdragon 800. (The 805 is coming soon.) This CPU offers swift multitasking and high-powered graphics in devices such as the Galaxy Note 3 and Lumia 1520.

The Snapdragon 600 (inside the HTC One) and S4 Pro (in the Moto X) are also very capable. On cheaper phones, you’ll find the Snapdragon 400 CPU, which offers fair performance for everyday tasks but isn’t designed for more intensive activities. For example, the Galaxy S4 Mini with this CPU took 7 minutes and 19 seconds to transcode a 1080p video clip, compared to just 5:15 for the Snapdragon 800-powered Galaxy Note 3.

For iOS, Apple’s A7 chip inside the iPhone 5s offers 64-bit power and about double the performance and graphics of its A6 CPU (in the iPhone 5c). That’s just one reason why you should invest in Apple’s higher-end device.

RAM

The amount of system memory plays a significant role in how well a smartphone performs. Today’s flagship devices offer 2GB to 3GB of RAM, while lower-end to midrange phones get away with 1 GB to 1.5 GB.  If you want to load applications from memory faster and switch between them faster, more RAM is better.

Screen

The size of the screen definitely matters, but so do the brightness, sharpness, color and viewing angles. Right now, 1080p screens (1920 x 1080 pixels) are the sharpest you’ll find on smartphones. However, we’ve seen some 720p displays (1280 x 720 pixels), such as the one on the Moto X, deliver fantastic image quality. We highly recommend putting the smartphone in your hand to evaluate the viewing angles; if the screen washes out when you tilt the device, think twice about that purchase.

When testing smartphones, we hit every one with a light meter to get a lux rating, so be sure to read our reviews to find out how each handset stacks up. As far as screen technology, AMOLED panels (found on many Samsung phones) tend to produce very rich and saturated colors, while LCDs tend to offer more realistic hues. It really comes down to personal preference.

Storage and Expansion

Given that you’ll store everything from photos and music to videos and apps on your smartphone, opt for as much internal memory up front as you can. Although 16GB is fairly standard, we suggest 32GB of storage so you don’t run out of room. The 32GB iPhone 5s, for example, costs $299. But you’ll also find some cheaper options with that much space, such as the HTC One; it starts at $199 for 32GB.

It’s becoming a lot harder to find, but if you like the idea of expandable storage, choose a device that has a microSD card slot, such as the Samsung Galaxy S4, Note 3 and Mega.

4. Get the Best Camera Possible (and Don’t Obsess Over Megapixels)

Just when you thought the megapixel war was over, there’s now a handful of smartphones with 20-MP cameras or higher — and more are certainly on the way. However, the quality of both the sensor and the images is more important. For instance, the iPhone 5s has an 8-MP camera, but its new sensor allows for bigger pixels and, therefore, sharper-looking photos.

Also look for camera features that you’ll actually use. The Galaxy S4 and Note 3 both sport a nifty Eraser mode feature that filters out photobombers from your images. The Nokia Lumia 1020 has prosumer-grade manual controls to help you get the best shot in all sorts of conditions. Optical image stabilization, which steadies your shots to reduce blur, is found in the LG G2 and Lumia 1020.

MORE: iPhone 5s vs. Lumia 1020 Camera Shootout

5. Don’t Settle for Low Battery Life

One way to tell how much juice your smartphone will provide on a charge is to take a look at the battery capacity. If you care about endurance, the closer you get to 3,000 mAh (milliamp hours) — or above the better. For example, the LG G2′s 3,000-mAh battery lasted a whopping 13 hours and 44 minutes over T-Mobile’s network on the LAPTOP Battery Test, which involves continuous Web surfing over 4G LTE on 40 percent brightness. In contrast, the Galaxy S4′s 2,600-mAh battery for the same carrier lasted 6:41. The average phone lasts 6:46.

6. Select the Best Carrier for Your Needs (and Budget)

Choosing a carrier comes down to a few factors, including coverage, plan pricing and data speeds. Most shoppers opt for one of the Big Four (Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and T-Mobile), but there are other perfectly viable options, especially for those on a tighter budget.

Carrier Pricing Compared (with Unlimited Voice and Text)

	Verizon	AT&T	Sprint	T-Mobile	MetroPCS	Virgin
Pricing	$110/month	$110/month	$80/month	$70	$60	$55
Data	4GB	4GB	Unlimited	Unlimited	Unlimited	Unlimited

Verizon Wireless

Among the four major carriers, Verizon offers the broadest 4G LTE coverage, spanning more than 500 markets and 303 million people. That’s part of the reason Verizon’s service costs more than Sprint’s and T-Mobile’s; you’ll often see an LTE signal in the suburbs. However, we’ve noticed serious data congestion in major cities, including New York. Verizon will be rolling out an AWS upgrade to increase capacity, but only newer handsets compatible with the technology will be supported. A 2GB Share Everything Plan with unlimited voice and text costs $100 per month, and the 4GB plan costs $110.

MORE: Best Verizon Wireless Phones

AT&T

AT&T is closing in on Verizon, with more than 270 million people covered and more than 500 markets. Plus, AT&T has offered stronger data performance, both in our testing and according to independent third parties like RootMetrics. The carrier’s phone selection tends to be better than Verizon’s, offering exclusives such as the Nokia Lumia 1020 and 1520, and the Samsung Galaxy Active. AT&T’s data plans tend to be pricier than Sprint’s and T-Mobile’s. You’ll pay $95 per month for 2GB of data and $110 for 4GB.

Sprint

Offering 4G LTE in more than 300 markets, Sprint’s claim to fame is the guarantee of unlimited data for life, but that hasn’t stopped the carrier from losing customers. However, a new high-speed Spark LTE service, offering speeds of up to 60 Mbps, could provide a boost. Sprint’s pricing is lower than AT&T’s and Verizon’s but higher than T-Mobile’s, costing $80 monthly for unlimited voice, text and data.

However, Sprint has also launched a new “Framily” plan that enables subscribers to lower their bill as they add friends and family to their group. A group of seven, for example, would pay $45 per month for unlimited voice, text and data (which includes an annual phone upgrade).

T-Mobile

T-Mobile is making the biggest waves in wireless, banishing contracts, eliminating overseas data charges and now offering would-be switchers to pay their early-termination fee when they trade in their old phone from another carrier. In our testing, T-Mobile’s LTE performance has been stellar, but coverage is still improving. The carrier covers more than 200 million people across 273 markets. Unlimited data and voice costs a very reasonable $70 per month.

Other Carriers and Unlocked Options

Those looking to save money over the long haul can opt for a smaller carrier, such as MetroPCS, which provides unlimited data for $60 per month. Virgin Mobile costs an even cheaper $55 per month and piggybacks on Sprint’s network. Just keep in mind that the up-front costs for smartphones is higher on these smaller carriers because the phones are not subsidized. The iPhone 5s, for instance, costs $494 on Virgin Mobile.

Last but not least, if you want more freedom in selecting your carrier and don’t want to deal with a contract, opt for an unlocked phone. A good example is the Google Nexus 5, which Google sells directly for $399. The device supports AT&T, Sprint and T-Mobile service.

7. Splurge for the Best Device, Be Wary of Upgrade Plans

Take our advice. If you can afford to pay more up front for your smartphone to get the best possible hardware, do it. Over the course of two years, you’ll wind up paying much more for the service than the handset anyway. Take Verizon. A $99 iPhone 5c with a slower processor and less advanced camera than the $199 iPhone 5s will wind up costing you $2,499 over 24 months with a 2GB shared data plan, versus $2,599 for the more advanced device.

Carriers are making it easier to upgrade phones every year (or sooner) through such special programs as T-Mobile Jump, AT&T Next, Verizon Edge and Sprint Easy Pay, but they’re not necessarily good deals. With AT&T, Sprint and Verizon, you’re essentially breaking up the full cost of the handset (including subsidies) into monthly payments. T-Mobile at least saves you $10 per month on unlimited data, but you’ll pay $10 per month to be in the Jump program. The good news is that this plan includes handset insurance.

Windows 8.1 Keyboard Shortcuts

While using Windows 8.1's new interface in a traditional way might require some time to accommodate, the tasks of navigating through the operating system and its new apps can be simplified by using the keyboard shortcuts that Microsoft has made available. The shortcuts shared in this article were chosen by us while thinking what apps or settings you might access or use on a regular basis. They are simple enough to be easily grasped by anyone and they will help you be more productive in your daily tasks.

Shortcuts for the Start Screen and the Desktop

Windows Key = The action for this key depends on where you are when you press it. If you are on the Desktop when you press it, it takes you to the Start screen. If you press it again, it takes you back to the Desktop. But, if you press it while in a Windows 8.1 app, it takes you to the Start screen. Press it again and it takes you back to the app.

Ctrl + Tab = When using it on the Start screen, it switches between the Start screen and theApps view. On the Desktop it does nothing. However, some web browsers will have the same shortcut for switching between tabs (e.g. Firefox) or for creating new tabs (e.g. Internet Explorer 11).

Windows Key + type an app name = When using it on the Desktop, it takes you to the Startscreen and searches for installed apps using the name you typed in. When you are on theStart screen, pressing the Windows Key takes you to the Desktop. There you should only type the name of the app you want to use.

Escape - When using it on the Start screen, it closes the Start screen and switches to Desktop. This shortcut does nothing when you are on the Desktop.

Windows Key + E = Launches File Explorer both from the Desktop and the Start screen.

Windows Key + R = Launches the "Run" dialog that you can use to run programs or commands.

Windows Key + X = Launches a hidden menu with many useful shortcuts. This menu is also named the WinX menu or the power user's Start Menu.

Windows Key + L = Locks your Windows 8.1 PC or device and takes you to the Lock screen.

Windows Key + P = Opens the Project sidebar for extending your image to a second screen. If you have multiple screens or if you are using a video projector, this sidebar allows you to choose how the image should be displayed. You can keep the image on one screen, duplicate it, extend it to another screen or only display things on a secondary screen.

Windows Key + F1 = Launches the Windows Help and Support documentation provided by Microsoft.

Shortcuts for the Windows 8.1 Charm Bar & Modern Apps

Windows Key + C - Displays the "Charms bar". You can navigate through the charms with the arrow keys on your keyboard.

Windows Key + Q = Launches the General Search. You can use this to search for files and settings on your PC, the Internet, and OneDrive, as well as through installed apps and theWindows Store.

Windows Key + F = Launches the Files Search. You can use this to search for files on your PC and OneDrive.

Windows Key + W = Launches the Windows Settings Search. You can use this to search for specific operating system settings by typing in certain keywords.

Windows Key + I = Displays the Settings charm. When using it on the Desktop, you can use this charm to access the Control Panel, Personalization options, the System information section and the Windows Help and Support module. You also have access to the wi-fi settings, volume and brightness control, notifications, power buttons and keyboard settings. When using it from the Start screen, you can use this charm to access the Start screen personalization options, tiles settings and the online help version for the Start screen. You can also use it when working with Windows 8.1 apps to access their settings.

Windows Key + H = Launches the Share charm. When using it on the Desktop, you can use this charm to share a desktop screenshot through the Mail app or other social network app that you have installed. When using it on the Start screen, you can use it to share a screenshot of the Start screen through the same channels. You can also use it to share data from Windows 8.1 apps that you are running.

Windows Key + K = Displays the Devices charm. Depending on the peripherals you have attached to your computer or Windows 8.1 device, you will have the option to play multimedia files, print information from modern apps or show the information on your screen on another display or video projector. This charm can only be used in modern Windows 8.1 apps.

Windows Key + Z = When using it on the Start screen, it displays the Start screen customization button at the bottom of the screen. When using it in modern apps, it displays different contextual options for each app.

Shortcuts for Switching Between Apps and Windows

Alt + Tab = Repeatedly pressing the Tab key while holding Alt pressed cycles through open windows and apps. Release the Tab key on the window or app that you want to open.
Windows Key + Tab = Repeatedly pressing the Tab key while holding the Windows Keypressed cycles through open modern apps while displaying them in a vertical sidebar at the left side of the screen. Release the Tab key on the app that you want to open.

Ctrl + Alt + Tab = When pressed together, this combination of keys displays the list of open windows and apps and keeps the list on screen even after you release the keys. You can then navigate through open windows and apps using the arrow keys.

Ctrl + Windows Key + Tab = When pressed together, this combination of keys displays the sidebar of open apps and keeps the sidebar on screen even after you release the keys. You can then navigate through open apps using the up/down arrow keys.

Shortcuts for Managing Desktop Windows

Windows Key + Arrow Up = When using it on the Desktop, it maximizes the current window across the screen. If the window is already maximized it has no effect. Also, it doesn't work on the Start screen.

Windows Key + Arrow Down = When using it on the Desktop in a maximized window, it restores the current window's size. Pressing it again while the window is restored causes the window to be minimized to the taskbar. If the window is already minimized it has no effect.
Windows Key + Shift Key + Arrow Up = When using it on the Desktop, it maximizes the current window vertically.

Windows Key + Shift Key + Arrow Left/Right = Moves the current window to the left or the right monitor. This works only when using multiple monitors.

Windows Key + Arrow Left/Right = When using it on the Desktop, it moves the current window to the left or right half of the screen. Pressing Windows Key + Arrow Left while the window is at the right of the screen, for example, restores the window. Pressing the combination again moves the window to the left half of the screen and vice versa. This can be used across multiple monitors.

Alt + Space = When using it on the Desktop, it launches the title bar menu of the current window. You can also access this menu by right clicking the title bar of the current window. The menu generally includes options to resize the window and other application specific options. Using this while on the Start screen has no effect.

F11 = When using it in desktop applications that are part of Windows 8.1, like File Explorer orInternet Explorer, it enables or disables the full screen view for the current window. Some third-party applications might support while many do not.

Shortcuts for the Windows 8.1 Taskbar

Windows Key + T = When using it on the Desktop, it highlights the first application in the taskbar. You can use the arrow keys to cycle through the taskbar applications. The applications that are running also display a thumbnail above their icon when you select them.

Windows Key + B = This works both on the Desktop and the Start screen. If the Notification Area Icons are set to "Always show all icons and notifications on the taskbar", this keyboard shortcut highlights the first application in the system tray. You can use the arrow keys to cycle through all the applications found in the system tray. If the "Always show all icons and notifications on the taskbar" is disabled, this keyboard shortcut highlights the "Show hidden icons" arrow. You can then press Enter to display the hidden icons or use the arrow keys to cycle through the applications found in the system tray.

Shift + click on a taskbar application = Launches a new instance of the selected application. This works only with applications which support running in multiple instances, like Microsoft Office or Internet browsers.

Ctrl + Shift + click on a taskbar application = Launches a new instance of the selected application with administrator rights. This works only with applications which support running in multiple instances, like Microsoft Office or Internet browsers.

Shift + right click on a taskbar application = Launches the contextual menu for that application instead of the list with recent items or pinned tasks or folders.

Windows Key + number keys 1 through 9 = Launches the taskbar application at the specified position. You can find more information about this in our dedicated article, Taskbar Productivity Tips & Shortcuts.

Conclusion

We tried to share a selection with the most useful keyboard shortcuts available in Windows 8.1. We didn't give you everything, only those that you are more likely to consider useful when using this operating system, its apps and features.
Let us know if you enjoy our collection and if you would like to know the keyboard shortcuts for performing actions that were not presented in this guide.

Knowing Type Of Car

Body Style

Coupe

Considered sporty and personal, a coupe is a long-running body style in automobile circles. Derived from the days when horse-driven carriages were popular, the term coupe was initially applied to closed carriages without rear-facing seats. Created for an intimate driving feel, coupes provide a broad range of motoring tastes and budgets. Interiors of coupes receive specific design focus around reinforcing the performance feel for driver and front seat passenger. Reasonably comfortable for front row occupants, the limited seating room found on most coupes makes the vehicle type less suitable for families with older children. If searching for an affordable coupe, vehicles such as the Honda Civic and Hyundai Elantra provide a sense of sporty style for a budget. Looking for a greater amount of comfort and features at a higher price, a series of premium coupes such as the Audi A5 is available. The term coupe has a habit of appearing on vehicles that do not adhere strictly to a so-called three-box body design involving a separate trunk. The coupe name is often applied to describe hardtop, two-door sports cars like the Chevrolet Corvette Stingray or the Jaguar F-Type Coupe. Traditionally with automobiles, the accepted notion of a coupe was the presence of just two doors. For buyers who want the sleek, sportiness of a coupe but want more than two doors, a styling evolution with some premium car manufacturers creating four-door coupes could be a consideration. Potential buyers of coupes should be aware that insurance costs are generally higher than with a comparable sedan.

Sedan

A long-running and popular body style among car buyers around the world, the sedan adapts nicely to almost any automotive lifestyle. Whether you are a single person or part of a family of five, a sedan provides several useful features such as four doors and a separate trunk storage area. Sedans are unofficially classified under the category family sedan, sports sedan or luxury sedan. Priced within reach of most new car customers, family sedans sell interior space and practicality as high points. If looking for a family sedan, choices include the Honda Accord, Nissan Altima, Ford Fusion and Toyota Camry. Once considered dull to some drivers, growing standard features lists for family sedans will often include convenience items such high-tech stereo systems and Bluetooth connectivity. For drivers who want the exhilaration of a sports car but prefer ample rear seat passenger room, sports sedans are a popular vehicle type. If buyers are seeking engines that are more potent as well as a firmer suspension system, sport sedans furnish a sport-like theme. The sports sedan subcategory has been motivated by European cars like theBMW 3 Series and Mercedes-Benz C-Class but is now contended by almost every auto company in some form. Expensive and high-end, luxury sedans present the zenith of motoring comfort. The Rolls-Royce Ghost and the Bentley Mulsanne are prime examples of luxury sedans with an uncompromised list of amenities. Luxury sedan can be standout vehicles but will also be tricky to have serviced

.

Truck

Trucks or pickup trucks are the workhorses of the auto industry. Found with an open, flat bed for hauling a variety of cargo, pickup trucks can be fitted with three cabin options. If looking at a truck, choosing the right kind for a specific lifestyle can prove very difficult. It’s wise for a buyer to seriously realize their needs and not purchase a truck that may be too limited or excessive in capacity. In regards to passenger volume, regular cab trucks provide single row seating while an extended cab adds rear seat room for addition passengers. In order to grant improved rear seat accessibility, crew cab trucks present four-door cabins for ultimate convenience. The so-called tonnage of a truck is also a consideration for buyers. General duty full-sized trucks are often referred as half-ton models. Half-ton trucks like the Ford F-150 are useful for a majority of customers using their vehicles for carrying reasonable loads or towing objects such as small boats. Rated as professional grade or heavy-duty, trucks tonnage ratings of three-quarter and one ton are also available. Three-quarter and one ton trucks like the Ram HD feature greater load-hauling and towing capacities than a half-ton model. When a full-sized truck is undesirable for its size, you may find mid-sized trucks as an attractive alternative. Not as capable in regards to cargo and towing to full-sized models, mid-sized trucks like the Nissan Frontier are effective for use by most urban-dwellers and feature better fuel efficiency. Widely available with the choice of two-wheel and four-wheel drive systems, trucks offer a giant selection of engine choices. Four-cylinder and six-cylinder gasoline engines are common for mid-sized trucks providing effective power proportionate to the vehicle‘s dimensions. Six-cylinder engines can also be found on full-sized trucks as base powerplants for buyers willing to forego some power in exchange for fuel economy. The reputation of six-cylinder engines in larger trucks has improved thanks to vehicles like the Ford F-150 offering a powerful twin-turbocharged EcoBoost engine. Peak power and capacity for half-ton trucks are commonly derived from V-8 gasoline powerplants. In addition to gasoline-fueled V-8 engines powering professional grade trucks, diesel engine choices are available for ultimate pulling performance. Recently, diesel engines have also been made available on lighter duty trucks. The 2014 Ram 1500 has introduced an Eco Diesel engine allowing for impressive power coupled with better fuel economy when compared to a V-8 engine.

SUV

Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) have existed since the 1930s but experienced explosive popularity during the mid-1990s. Built on a truck frame, SUVs harnesses utility attributes and powerful engine performance. One of the first popular SUVs in the United States was the Jeep originally conceived based on a demand for a four-wheel drive vehicle during World War II. SUVs are generally associated with toughness and stout on-road and off-road handling manners. Originally constructed as four-wheel drive vehicles intent to handle off-road trails, SUVs have increasingly become the vehicle of choice for luxury-minded drivers with products like the Range Rover and Cadillac Escalade. A highly popular body style in the 1990s, SUVs are easier to find in the used car market. Today, many buyers opt for crossover vehicles over SUVs desiring a more car-like ride and lower center of gravity. SUVs would still remain attractive to drivers wanting a full-fledged four-wheel drive system and/or a powerful towing performance. Popular with four-wheel drive systems, SUVs equipped with two-wheel drive (typically at the rear wheels) is a good choice for customers wanting to save money and fuel while not requiring peak off-road ability. Most new SUVs are classified as mid-sized or full-sized models. Better for maneuvering and generally easier on consuming fuel, mid-sized SUVs like the Jeep Grand Cherokee appear similar to crossover vehicles but often feature greater off-road and towing equipment. Full-sized SUVs in North America are derived from full-sized pickup trucks. With full-sized SUVs, buyers may be intrigued by seating for up to nine passengers and towing capacity that can easily haul a trailer or a small powerboat. Fuel economy of full-sized SUVs has traditionally been unfavorable but new engine management technology, as well as six-cylinder engines being introduced, has made 2014 models more reasonable.

Van

For individuals or businesses that require a vehicle with a single large enclosed area, a van could be a leading choice for drivers. Capable of securely holding a large amount of cargo or passengers, vans are significantly styled for practicality rather than other factors such as performance. From the 1930s to the 1980s, vans were almost entirely based on truck-like chassis structures. Vans built on truck-like frames such as the Chevrolet Express prove most useful for commercial entities that require toughness and durability. If equipped for passenger, large vans can seat up to 15 occupants. Popularizing car-based construction, Chrysler gave the world the first proper introduction for the minivan in 1983. Realized as an alternative to the wagon but also decreased in proportions to a large van, the minivan became a big success for Chrysler and later led to almost every high-volume auto manufacturer placing one in their product line-up. Minivan use has been losing popularity among families as the availability of seven-passenger crossover vehicles has presented an enticing alternative to the less thrilling van shape. Several minivans remain for sale including the Dodge Grand Caravan, Honda Odyssey and Toyota Sienna. Modern minivans contain a number of available family-centric features that includes built-in vacuums as well as a sophisticated rear seat entertainment system. In recent years, smaller vans have been proving popular as alternatives to sedans such as taxi cabs thanks to its large passenger cabin and ease of converting for wheelchair accessibility. The Ford Transit Connect and Nissan NV200 are two models both specifically being outfitted for taxi duties in major cities. Vans are also popular among the recreational vehicle industry by serving as the basis for class B motor homes or sometimes-called camper vans.

Sports car

So you want to explore motoring with the enriching feel of a sports car? Rarely practical, sports cars are intent to create an atmosphere of fun for the driver on the streets or possibly on the race track. On-road performers, sports cars do not adhere stringently to any specific body style criteria allowing a driver to decide on a vehicle matching their individual tastes and lifestyle. Sport cars can be built using coupe,convertible as well as sedan body styles. A high-performance crossover vehiclecould also be considered in the same realm as a sports car. Some prefer a sports car that is extremely light on comfort and convenience features while others prescribe to the notion of a sports car being a luxury machine. Some sports cars are greatly similar to vehicles or incorporate technology used in professional auto racing. Construction of sports cars often relies on lightweight components such as aluminum and very exotic carbon fiber to maximize engine power and improve handling. Due to the performance and competitive nature of sports cars, it is common to see aspects such as horsepower and design change on a frequent basis. The pricing range for sports cars ranges broadly from under $20,000 into the millions. More affordable examples of sports cars include the Mazda MX-5 and the Scion FR-S. With pricier sports cars such as the Ferrari F12berlinetta, engine power is often top of the charts in the entire auto industry. Expensive sports cars are often constructed in limited numbers adding to their exclusivity in the marketplace. Despite the massive horsepower of some sports cars, the future of this vehicle category is increasingly becoming enriched with powertrain technology such as hybrid drive platforms. Desirable to many drivers, sports cars are typically more expensive to own due to insurance and fuel costs.

Convertible

A vehicle providing an open-air passenger cabin for traveling during good weather, convertibles provide the protection of a retractable roof when weather conditions turn unpleasant. During the early history of the automobile, convertibles were the only types of cars available. Today, it is considered an automotive lifestyle choice best suited for warmer climates. Though some convertibles like the Mazda MX-5 Miata or Smart Fortwo Cabriolet can be affordable, most appeal to luxury car riders and even performance car fans. Convertibles have long used a fabric roof consisting of several layers of material to shield occupants when needed. However, a growing trend has supported hard roof convertibles that feature much of the security of a fixed-roof vehicle while also allowing it to retract. With hardtop convertibles, added production are offset typically by storage space in the trunk area when the roof section is retracted since there is less cargo room available. This could make a hardtop convertible less attractive for anything more than a weekend trip. The increased structural components often cause the weight of the convertible to exceed that of a fixed-roof counterpart. The added weight and different aerodynamics caused by open top driving also results in slightly slower performance attributes for the convertible. In addition to convertibles that feature a retractable roof, some similar vehicles provide an open-air driving experience with a removable roof panel. Termed as a 'Targa' top by Porsche, these type of convertibles feature performance almost identical to a fixed-roof vehicle. The major inconvenience with a Targa roof is storage of the top when removed. In most cases, a convertible is adapted from a coupe or shares important characteristics with a sporty two-door.

Hybrid

Capitalizing on the strengths and efficiencies of two powerplants, hybrid cars have emerged as an important vehicle class. Hybrid cars generally operate with an internal combustion engine and electric motor working together in order to gain greater fuel economy or to boost power. Electric power for hybrid cars is sourced from power outlets or through regenerative braking. With many hybrid vehicles on the market in 2014, customers considering one are faced with many variations of the system. With so-called mild or micro hybrids, vehicles are equipped with stop/start system that automatically turns the gasoline engine off to save fuel. Mild hybrid cars can also provide limited assistance to an internal combustion engine. Micro or mild hybrid attributes include the Buick LaCrosse eAssist and the Mazda6 i-ELOOP model are more attractive financially and runs near seamlessly. If searching for greater fuel savings, parallel hybrid vehicles use a larger electric motor than mild hybrid cars. Parallel hybrid vehicles like the Toyota Prius can move on gasoline, electric or the combined power of both. Gaining popularity in the marketplace is range-extending or plug-in hybrid cars. Running like an electric vehicle for a distance, plug-in hybrid cars will begin using a fuel-burning engine when the vehicle’s battery is depleted. Plug-in hybrids work for drivers considering an electric car but are concerned with low battery ranges. The Chevrolet Volt as well as 2014 BMW i3 Range Extender models are examples of hybrids using a gasoline engine as backup power. If a driver only travels for a short range every day, it may be possible to rarely stop at a gas station. For the 2014 model year, the Toyota Prius and Ford Fusion are actually offered in a variety of hybrid configurations for buyers to choose from. Purchases of parallel type and plug-in hybrid cars will traditionally be supported by government tax credits.

Luxury

A luxury car is considered the peak of driving comfort and aspires to provide the most rewarding sensation of motoring. Based on the oddity and expense of early automobiles, the luxury car category was actually one of the first vehicle types established. One key element of a luxury car is their higher cost to conventional automobiles. Brand prestige, but also technology causes the price of luxury cars to be greater. Due to the advance in technology, many automotive features first appear on luxury cars prior to being fully implemented for the mass market. Electric starter, air conditioning and HID headlights are some items that were introduced on luxury cars over decades. Modern luxury cars continue to push the boundaries of technology with some standout features including full LED headlights and GPS-controlled transmissions. Luxury vehicles can adhere to almost any body style.Coupes, sedans, convertibles and most recently crossover vehicles have proven popular with high-end consumers. Coupe and convertible luxury cars are ideal for more personalized driving while large sedans could involve owners being chauffeured. Up until the 1980s, luxury cars were typically heavy vehicles providing a soft ride for passengers. Today's luxury cars generally offer more performance car-like ride qualities allowing them to be faster and more nimble. For this reason, many sports cars and supercars are also considered luxury cars. A growing trend has also resulted in the rise of compact or entry-level luxury cars. Compact luxury cars like the Cadillac ATS, Acura ILX and the Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class have been created to attract a younger premium driving demographic or to provide a stepping-stone into a brand. Due to higher costs, luxury cars are often produced in lower quantities compared to other cars. In some cases, production of a luxury product is strictly limited in order to insure exclusivity.

Crossover

A diverse vehicle type, a crossover features the height of a truck-based vehicle built on a car-like unibody frame. The term 'crossover' vehicle was adopted in the late 1990s and was soon heavily adapted. For motorists, the appeal of the crossover vehicle is a large cargo area and a higher overall ride height than a standard sedan. Compared to truck-based sport utility vehicles, crossovers are typically less fuel consuming, but trade off extreme four-wheel drive technology. For most drivers in the city, the crossover is a more likeable personality than a sport utility vehicle. Front-wheel, rear-wheel and all-wheel drivetrains are common in the crossover segment. Lower cost than all-wheel drive, two-wheel drive crossovers are well suited for motorists who remain in city areas. All-wheel drive technology found on crossover vehicles are designed to provide relief for driving through challenging road conditions, but is not as off-road capable as sport utility vehicles. Crossovers are frequently referred to as sport utility vehicles despite some technical differences. Affordable family crossovers include the Ford Escape, Hyundai Santa Fe, Toyota RAV4 and the Honda CR-V. For larger families, a range of crossovers such as theFord Explorer and the 2014 Nissan Rogue also feature third row seating. Crossovers have also tempted luxury car companies to provide one or several vehicles for the high-end motoring market. The Range Rover Evoque, BMW X3, Porsche Macan and the Mercedes-Benz M-Class are some production crossovers found in a crowded premium vehicle sub-category. In some cases, wagons like the Audi Allroad and Volvo XC70 are considered crossover vehicles since they have adopted all-wheel drive as well as other off-road touches.